00:00:00UTC
📻 routersandrepeaters.net · Radio Referrals & Field Reference
Radio Ref
Gear recommendations for travelers & new hams · Field programming reference by radio model
Handheld & mobile VHF/UHF · Use VFO mode for initial setup unless noted.
🔍 Text too small?   Tap Large Print in the nav, or Ctrl+Plus (Windows) / Cmd+Plus (Mac).  · 
Field Reference Guide — Steps shown are for common firmware configurations. Exact button sequences may vary by firmware version. Always check your radio’s manual for your specific model. Software tools (CHIRP, RT Systems, CPS) greatly simplify programming — see the Highway Finder for CHIRP CSV export.
📡 AA4TE recommends
Radio Referrals
Honest picks for travelers and new hams. Road-tested, not algorithm-picked.
🚙 Road-Ready
Yaesu
FTM-7250DR
Entry mobile. C4FM + FM, 50W, front-facing speaker. Simple to program — a clean first mobile install.
Icom
IC-2730A
Mid mobile. Dual-band, symmetrical knob layout built for driving. Personal radio — 6 years in a Ram 1500.
“Six years in a Ram 1500. Still the one I’d buy again. — AA4TE”
AnyTone
AT-D578UVIII Plus
Premium mobile. Tri-band, DMR + FM, APRS, Bluetooth. Road-ready today, DMR-ready when you are.
🎓 New Ham Starter
Baofeng
UV-5R Mini
Get-on-air-today radio. Not the best, but the first one out of every Elmer’s mouth — and your CERT team can afford a case of them.
Yaesu
FT-65R
The step-up. IP54 rated, MIL-810 spec, Yaesu build quality. Buy this if you’re staying in the hobby.
Yaesu
FTM-7250DR
Ready to move up to mobile? Same radio as the Road-Ready entry pick. One less decision.
📋 Just passed your Tech exam? GigaParts and QRZ.com offer the Explorer QRZ-1 handheld at 50% off for new hams licensed within the last 6 months. Check gigaparts.com/qrz Jumpstart Program → for current availability. Begins May 29, 2026.
Some links are affiliate links. Clicking and buying costs you nothing extra and helps keep this site running.
These are the radios I actually use, including the one I almost talked myself out of.
📡 Just found a repeater? Use the Highway Finder CHIRP export to download it pre-formatted for your radio — no retyping. ⬇ Open Highway Finder →
Tap any radio to expand · Tap a topic inside to see step-by-step instructions
Jump to topic:
📱 Handheld Reference
Baofeng UV-5R/BF-F8HP · Yaesu FT-65R/FT-60R · AnyTone AT-D878UVII Plus · Kenwood TH-D75A · Yaesu FT5DR
Baofeng
UV-5R / BF-F8HP
📡Tone ScanFind PL/CTCSS tone automatically · MENU 11 or 13
  1. 1Enter VFO mode — press VFO/MR
  2. 2Tune to the repeater output frequency
  3. 3Press MENU → scroll to 11 (R-CTCS) for CTCSS or 13 (R-DCS) for DCS
  4. 4Press MENU
  5. 5Scroll UP to any starting tone (e.g. 67.0 Hz)
  6. 6Press *SCAN
  7. 7Wait for the repeater to key up — scan stops on the correct tone
⚠ Repeater must be active (someone transmitting) for tone lock to work
💾Repeater ProgrammingMENU 25/26 offset · MENU 13 tone · MENU 27 save
  1. 1VFO mode → enter the repeater output frequency
  2. 2MENU25 (SFT-D) → set offset direction (+/−) → MENUEXIT
  3. 3MENU26 (OFFSET) → enter offset (usually 0.600) → MENUEXIT
  4. 4MENU13 (T-CTCS) → set transmit tone → MENUEXIT
  5. 5MENU27 (MEM-CH) → select channel number → MENUEXIT
💡 CHIRP software is much easier for batch programming — use the CHIRP CSV export from the Highway Finder
📂Memory Organization & Scan128 channels · number logically · CHIRP for skips
  1. 1Organize — number channels logically (e.g. 001–050 for VHF, 051–100 for 70cm). 128 channels total.
  2. 2Scan — enter MR (memory) mode → hold SCAN
  3. 3Band scan — available in VFO mode
  4. 4Skip channels — use CHIRP to mark channels as “Skip” — not easily done from the radio keypad
Priority ScanLimited — use Dual Watch as workaround
⚠ True priority scan is limited on the UV-5R. Use Dual Watch as a practical workaround.
  1. 1Dual WatchMENU7 (TDR) → ON → EXIT
  2. 2Radio monitors A and B bands simultaneously — set one to 146.520 simplex, other to repeater
🔄ResetHold MENU while powering on — clears all memories
⚠ Full reset clears all programmed channels. Back up via CHIRP before resetting.
  1. 1Power OFF the radio
  2. 2Hold MENU while pressing power ON
  3. 3Full factory reset
Yaesu
FT-65R / FT-60R
FT-65R (current)
FT-60R (legacy)
shared — both radios
💾Repeater ProgrammingVFO → offset/tone → hold Memory Write → store
  1. 1Enter VFO mode
  2. 2Dial or keypad-enter the repeater output (receive) frequency
  3. 3Set the repeater offset direction (minus/plus) and offset amount
  4. 4Set CTCSS tone type to encode-only (transmit tone, normal squelch on receive)
  5. 5Set the CTCSS tone frequency to match the repeater
  6. 6Press and hold the Memory Write key to store to the next blank channel
  7. 7Confirm the channel number; optionally enter an alphanumeric tag
  8. 8Confirm storage — display briefly shows confirmation
FT-65R menu paths
Offset direction: Set Mode 20 RPT → MINUS / PLUS / SMPX
Tone type: Set Mode 29 SQL TYPE → T-TONE
Tone frequency: Set Mode 8 CTCSS → TX → select Hz
Memory write: hold *V/M → confirm channel → hold *V/M again
FT-60R menu paths
Offset direction: F/W + 4(RPT) → –, +, or simplex
Tone type: F/W + 1(SQ TYP) → TSQL or TONE
Tone frequency: F/W + 2(CODE) → select Hz → PTT to save
Memory write: hold F/W 1 sec → rotate DIAL for channel → press F/W once to store
📡Tone ScanFT-65R: manual cycle · FT-60R: automated search
FT-65R — Tone ID (Manual)
⚠ No automatic tone scan. Manual cycle-through workaround:
  1. 1Tune to repeater output in VFO mode
  2. 2MENU → scroll to SQL TYPE → select TSQL → press MENU to confirm
  3. 3Press and hold MONI — radio enters tone scan mode
  4. 4Wait for repeater activity — scan stops and displays detected tone
  5. 5Note the tone value displayed
  6. 6Return SQL TYPE to TONE (encode-only) before saving to memory — do not leave TSQL enabled unless repeater sends a tone on output
Repeater must be active for tone lock to work.
FT-60R — Tone Search Scan (Automated)
  1. 1Tune to repeater output in VFO mode
  2. 2F/W + 1(SQ TYP) → select TSQL (CTCSS) or DCS → PTT to save. Icon appears on display.
  3. 3Press and hold F/W for 1 second to start Tone Search Scanning
  4. 4Radio cycles through all tones automatically — scanning halts when correct tone detected, audio passes through
  5. 5Press F/W to lock in the tone, then F/W again to exit to normal operation
Press MONI during scan to momentarily hear the muted signal — release and scan resumes after ~1 second. Press PTT at any time to stop scan.
shared — both radios
📂Memory Organization & ScanAssign banks · hold ▲/▼ to scan · skip via menu
  1. 1In Memory mode, assign channels to banks for organization
  2. 2Press and hold or to start a memory scan
  3. 3To restrict scan to one bank, activate the desired bank first
  4. 4To skip a channel during scan: while paused on it, mark as skip (see footnote)
FT-65R: 200 channels (CH 001–200), up to 10 Memory Banks. Skip: press F then V/M while paused on channel.
FT-60R: 1000 channels (CH 000–999), 5 Home channels, 50 PMS channels. Skip: F/W + 8(P2) → Memory Scan Skip mode → PTT to save.
Priority ScanFT-65R: Set Mode 24 · FT-60R: V/M(PRI) key
FT-65R
  1. 1Store the priority channel in a memory channel
  2. 2Hold F → Set Mode 24 PRIO → RVT.ON → PTT to save
  3. 3In Memory mode, recall the priority channel
  4. 4Hold V/M ~1 second → “PRIO SET” confirms
  5. 5Start a scan — radio checks priority channel periodically; stops when signal received there
If Memory Bank is active, lowest channel in current bank is automatically priority.
FT-60R
  1. 1Store the priority channel in a memory channel
  2. 2In Memory mode, recall the priority channel
  3. 3Press F/W + V/M(PRI) to designate it as the Priority channel
  4. 4Press V/M(PRI) briefly to toggle Priority (Dual Watch) ON — “PRI” appears on display
  5. 5Radio checks priority channel every ~5 seconds while monitoring or scanning
  6. 6Press V/M(PRI) again to disable Priority Watch
🔄ResetFT-65R: MONI+PTT on power · FT-60R: MONI on power
FT-65R
⚠ ALL RESET clears all 200 channels and all settings.
  1. 1Turn radio OFF
  2. 2Hold MONI/T.CALL + PTT while powering ON
  3. 3Release both when LCD backlight comes on
  4. 4Press / to select F1:ALL RST
  5. 5Press F to confirm
Set Mode Reset only (preserves memories): steps 1–3 above → select F2:MEM RST → press F.
FT-60R
⚠ ALL RST clears all 1000 channels and all settings.
  1. 1Turn radio OFF
  2. 2Hold MONI while powering ON
  3. 3Rotate DIAL to select F4 ALL RST
  4. 4Press F/W to confirm
Menu Reset only (preserves memories): steps 1–2 above → rotate DIAL to F3 MEM RST → press F/W.
Anytone
AT-D878UVII Plus
📡Tone ScanCDT Scan via menu or assigned PF key
  1. 1Set an arbitrary RCDT value to enable the mode
  2. 2MenuScanCDT Scan (or use assigned PF key if configured)
  3. 3Scan stops on detected tone automatically
💾Repeater ProgrammingVFO → Menu → Chan Set → save to zone
  1. 1VFO mode → enter output frequency
  2. 2MenuChan Set → configure offset and TCDT/RCDT tones
  3. 3Save to channel and assign to zone
💡 CPS (Computer Programming Software) strongly recommended for zone management
📂Memory Organization & ScanZones + Scan Lists · select zone → start scan
  1. 1Zones — organize channels into Zones (groups). Create a zone per region or corridor.
  2. 2Scan Lists — assign channels to Scan Lists for controlled scanning
  3. 3Select Zone or List → start scan from menu
Priority ScanDesignate Priority channel in Scan List
  1. 1In Scan List, designate the Priority channel
  2. 2Start scan — interval is adjustable in settings
🔄ResetMenu → Settings → Reset · or CPS recommended
⚠ Full reset via CPS recommended to preserve zone structure as a backup.
  1. 1MenuSettingsReset (or power-on key combo — check manual)
Kenwood
TH-D75A
📡Tone ScanF then hold TONE (8) to start scan
  1. 1Tune to the repeater frequency
  2. 2Press F then hold TONE (key 8) to start tone scan
  3. 3Scan stops on detected tone
💾Repeater ProgrammingVFO → shift/tone → F + MR → store
  1. 1VFO mode → enter output frequency
  2. 2Set offset shift and tone via menu
  3. 3Press F + MR → store to channel
📂Memory Organization & Scan30 Groups · Group Links · Memory/Group scan
  1. 1Groups — channels auto-group by number; manually edit groups and create Group Links
  2. 2Scan — Memory scan, Group scan, or Group Link scan available
Priority ScanEnable Priority Scan in menu · integrates with groups
  1. 1Enable Priority Scan in menu → select priority channel
  2. 2Integrates with Group scan for comprehensive monitoring
🔄ResetMenu → Reset options · or power-on combo
  1. 1Menu → Reset options for partial or full reset
  2. 2Or use power-on key combination (check manual for exact sequence)
Yaesu
FT5DR
📡Tone ScanF MENU → Signaling → TONE-SRCH
  1. 1F MENUSignalingTONE-SRCH
  2. 2Activate — adjust mute/speed in menu as needed
  3. 3Scan stops on detected tone
💾Repeater ProgrammingVFO → F MENU → Config/Signaling → write to memory
  1. 1VFO mode → enter output frequency
  2. 2F MENUConfig or Signaling → set offset and tone
  3. 3Write to memory channel
📂Memory Organization & ScanMemory banks + tags · hold SCAN
  1. 1Assign channels to Memory Banks and add tags for organization
  2. 2Hold SCAN to begin memory scan — programmable options available
Priority ScanSet priority memory → enable during scan
  1. 1Set the desired channel as Priority Memory
  2. 2Enable priority during scan startup
🔄ResetF MENU → Config → Reset options
  1. 1F MENUConfigReset options — choose partial or full reset
📻 Mobile Reference
Yaesu FTM-7250DR · Yaesu FTM-300DR/FTM-400XDR · Icom IC-2730A · AnyTone AT-D578UVIII Plus
Yaesu · Mobile
FTM-7250DR
📡Tone ScanMENU → SQL TYPE → TSQL → hold MONI
  1. 1VFO mode → tune to repeater output frequency
  2. 2MENUSQL TYPE → select TSQL
  3. 3Press and hold MONI — radio enters tone scan mode
  4. 4Wait for repeater to key up — scan locks on detected tone
  5. 5Note the tone value — set SQL TYPE to TONE (encode only) before programming to memory
💾Repeater ProgrammingVFO → ARS offset → MENU tone → MENU MW
  1. 1VFO mode → enter output frequency
  2. 2Auto Repeater Shift (ARS) active by default for standard 2m/70cm offsets
  3. 3Confirm offset: MENURPT → verify direction and value
  4. 4Set CTCSS tone: MENUT-SQL → select tone frequency
  5. 5MENUMW (Memory Write) → select channel → confirm
📂Memory Organization & Scan225 channels · 8-char tags · Memory scan
  1. 1225 memory channels (199 standard + band-edge + Home channels)
  2. 2Assign 8-character alphanumeric tags per channel
  3. 3Memory scan: Memory mode → press SCAN
  4. 4Programmable memory scan available for frequency-range limits
Priority ScanMENU → PRIORITY → select channel
  1. 1MENUPRIORITY → select priority channel
  2. 2Start scan — radio checks priority channel at set interval
🔄ResetGM + BAND on power · or MENU → RESET
⚠ Clears all memories. Back up channels before resetting.
  1. 1Power OFF
  2. 2Hold GM + BAND while pressing Power ON for full reset
  3. 3Or: MENURESET (menu path varies by firmware — check the Nifty Mini-Manual for your version)
Yaesu · Mobile
FTM-300DR / FTM-400XDR
📡Tone ScanF → TONE → hold channel up/down on mic
  1. 1Tune to the repeater frequency
  2. 2Press F → press TONE
  3. 3Hold channel up/down on the microphone to start tone scan
💾Repeater ProgrammingVFO → F → shift/tone → MW → store
  1. 1VFO mode → enter output frequency
  2. 2Press F → set shift direction and amount
  3. 3Set tone
  4. 4Press MW → store to channel
📂Memory Organization & ScanMemory banks · Memory/band scan
  1. 1Organize into Memory Banks
  2. 2Memory scan or Band scan available from menu
Priority ScanSet priority memory → enable in scan options
  1. 1Set Priority Memory channel
  2. 2Enable in scan options menu
🔄ResetMenu or power-on reset sequence
  1. 1Access reset via Menu or power-on key sequence (check manual for exact procedure)
Icom · Mobile
IC-2730A
Verified by operator — personal radio, 6 years field use · AA4TE
📡Tone ScanMENU → T-SQL → TSQL → scan auto-detects
  1. 1Set radio to VFO mode
  2. 2Tune to the repeater output frequency
  3. 3Press MENU → navigate to T-SQL (Tone Squelch) mode → select TSQL
  4. 4Radio scans through CTCSS tones automatically when it detects a signal
  5. 5Monitor for repeater activity — scan stops on detected tone
  6. 6Note the tone displayed — switch to Tone (encode-only) mode before transmitting
💾Repeater ProgrammingVFO → ARS offset → MENU tone → MW → store
  1. 1VFO mode → enter repeater output frequency
  2. 2Auto Repeater Shift (ARS) enabled by default — offset direction and amount set automatically for standard 2m/70cm band plans
  3. 3Confirm or manually set offset: MENUOFFSET if ARS doesn’t apply
  4. 4Set transmit tone: MENUT-SQL or TONE → select CTCSS frequency
  5. 5Press MW (Memory Write) → select channel number → press MW again to confirm
📂Memory Organization & ScanDual-band display · Memory scan · SKIP via menu
  1. 1Assign channels by region or corridor — dual-band display lets you monitor VHF + UHF simultaneously
  2. 2Memory scan: enter Memory mode → press SCAN
  3. 3Skip channels: MENUSKIP with desired channel selected
Priority ScanMENU → PRIORITY → select channel · checks every 5 sec
  1. 1Store desired priority channel to memory
  2. 2MENUPRIORITY → select channel
  3. 3Radio checks priority channel every 5 seconds during scan
🔄ResetLOCK + Power on · or MENU → SET MODE → RESET
⚠ Clears all memories. Export to CS-2730 or write down your channels first.
  1. 1Power OFF
  2. 2Hold LOCK while pressing Power ON
  3. 3Or: MENUSET MODERESET (menu location varies slightly between firmware revisions — check your version)
Anytone · Mobile
AT-D578UVIII Plus
Same zone/scan list system as the AT-D878UVII Plus. All procedures below are identical.
📡Tone ScanCDT Scan via menu — same as D878
  1. 1Set arbitrary RCDT value
  2. 2MenuScanCDT Scan
  3. 3Stops on detected tone
💾Repeater ProgrammingChan Set menu → save to zone — same as D878
  1. 1VFO mode → MenuChan Set → set offset and tones
  2. 2Save to channel and zone
📂Memory Organization & ScanZones + Scan Lists — same as D878
  1. 1Create Zones and assign channels
  2. 2Assign to Scan Lists → start scan
Priority ScanPriority channel in Scan List — same as D878
  1. 1Designate Priority channel in Scan List → start scan
🔄ResetMenu → Settings → Reset — same as D878
  1. 1MenuSettingsReset
💡
Field & Travel Tips
Software, battery, and organization tips that apply to all radios
▼ show
🅽Testing a repeater — always identify. Keying up without speaking (“kerchunking”) is an unidentified transmission and an FCC violation under Part 97. It also tells you nothing useful — the courtesy beep you hear just means your carrier opened the squelch, not that your audio is clean. The right way: key up and say “[Your callsign], testing” or “[Your callsign], mobile.” If you want a signal report: “[Your callsign] — can anyone give me a signal report?” Brief, legal, and actually useful.
🔗Linked systems — pause before speaking. Many repeaters in this database are part of linked systems spanning dozens of sites (SMLRS, NI4CE, TARC SuperLink, NEDECN, and others). When you key up, every linked site needs a moment to come up. Pause 3–4 seconds after pressing PTT before speaking. On Sandia Crest (NM Mega-Link), hold the mic down for 1 second after finishing before releasing. Transmitting immediately means your first words are lost at every site but the one closest to you.
🗺Crossing state lines — re-scan your corridor. Regional frequency conventions and PL tones vary more than most hams expect. A standard-feeling 146.520 simplex monitor is universal, but popular local calling frequencies, common PL tones, and club frequency clusters shift noticeably between regions. When entering a new state on a long trip, use the Highway Finder to pull up the next corridor segment rather than assuming your programmed channels are still relevant.
📡Mobile antenna placement matters. A mag-mount centered on the roof gives the best radiation pattern for mobile VHF/UHF — symmetrical ground plane, low radiation angle. Mounting near an edge, on a trunk lid, or on a dash introduces an asymmetric ground plane that degrades performance in ways that are hard to diagnose. If a repeater you should be making is giving you trouble, try repositioning the antenna before adjusting power or tone.
Before a dead zone — five steps. When you see a coverage alert banner, do these before losing signal: 1. Screenshot or write down your current repeater list. 2. Note the last repeater frequency and PL tone. 3. Tap NOAA WX and program the nearest weather frequency — no tone needed, just the frequency. 4. Set a memory to 146.520 MHz simplex — the national calling frequency. 5. Let someone know your route and ETA before you lose cell signal too.
🧭GPS is approximate — plan ahead. GPS-based repeater finders (including the Highway Finder GPS locate feature) are accurate to within a few miles under good conditions, but terrain, speed, and device accuracy all affect results. Don’t rely on real-time GPS to find your next repeater while driving — use the city tap method to plan your corridor before you need it. Users of the Blue Ridge Parkway finder should especially note this: ridge terrain and dense tree cover can put GPS results 10–15 mileposts ahead of your actual position.
📱Tethering your tablet. A tablet gives you a much larger screen for this site while driving. Your phone can share its internet connection with your tablet — called tethering or a mobile hotspot. On most Android phones: Settings → Network → Hotspot & Tethering → Wi-Fi Hotspot → Enable, then connect your tablet like any Wi-Fi network. Your grandkids can show you how in about 30 seconds, or search “phone hotspot” for your carrier. Easier than setting a PL tone. Barely.
Test after programming. Always test on low power first to confirm offset, tone, and access before driving into a coverage area.
💻Use programming software. CHIRP, RT Systems, and manufacturer CPS greatly simplify memory organization, scan lists, and priority channels. Use the Highway Finder CHIRP export to download pre-formatted repeater data for your corridor — no retyping required.
🔋Battery awareness. Scanning and priority monitoring use more power than receive-only operation. Enable power-save features when not actively operating. Carry a charged spare battery or have a car charger ready — especially on long mountain drives where you may be transmitting more often.
📄Documentation backup. Laminate key button combinations for your radio or save this page on your phone for offline access. Before entering a dead zone, screenshot your repeater list and note the NOAA weather frequency. Paper backups have never needed a cell signal.
📻146.520 MHz simplex — always programmed. This is the national 2-meter calling frequency. Program it into an easily-accessible memory on every radio you own. It’s your best option when repeaters aren’t available, when you need to coordinate with another ham in the field, or when you want to see if anyone else is in range in a dead zone.
NOAA Weather Radio. Program the nearest NOAA frequency (162.400–162.550 MHz, no tone required) before entering rural or mountainous areas. Standard 2m/70cm radios receive NOAA without any special equipment. Use the NOAA WX filter on the Highway Finder to find the nearest frequency for your corridor. When you’re in a dead zone with no cell signal, NOAA keeps transmitting.
🎳Encode-only CTCSS — a common programming mistake. Set your radio to transmit the PL tone only — do not enable receive tone squelch unless you’ve confirmed the repeater sends a tone back on its output. Most repeaters don’t transmit a tone. If you have receive decode enabled and the repeater doesn’t send one, your radio will stay silent even when the repeater is active and responding to you.